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Archive for January, 2008

08.01.08 倒装句型:Here comes the bus!

January 09, 2008 By: Stefanie Category: 每日一帖学英语

Q:At the bottom of the page come the many footnotes (页下方有很多注释)一语,是不是用了倒装句?

A:这一句的确是用了倒装句,即把动词置于主语( subject )之前。英文叙述句一般用「主语+动词」句式,例如:
The many footnotes come at the end of the page 。

但是,假如句子里有表示「所在地点」的词或短语,可以把这些词语置于句首,那么,主语就会和 be 动词(即 is 、 were 等)或者come 、 go 、 lie 、 live 、 run 、 sit 、 stand 、 walk 之类表示所在或去向的动词交换位置,即将动词放到主语的前面,例如:
(1 ) On the horse was a knight in shining armour ( A knight in shining armour was on the horse 马上坐着个武士,盔甲煌然)。
(2 ) Inside the castle lived a dragon (城堡里住着一条龙)。

留意假如主词是 it 、 he 等代名词( pronoun ),则不用倒装法,例如:
Inside the castle it lived 。
Here you are.

又假如动词不是表示所在或去向的动词,也不用倒装法,例如:
On the horse the knight listened (武士坐在马上细听)。

08.01.04 Leave me alone!

January 04, 2008 By: Stefanie Category: 每日一帖学英语

Q:已故电影明星格丽泰.嘉宝( Greta Garbo )说: I never said,”I want to be alone.” I only said,”I want to be left alone.” There is a whole world of difference 。
究竟 be alone 和 be left alone 有什么分别?

A:Alone 是「孤独的」或「单独的」,例如: He lives alone (他独自居住)。

To leave somebody / something alone 固然可解作「把某人/某物独自留下来」,但往往是指「不打扰某人」或「不碰某事物」,例如:
(1 ) They were all gone, leaving me alone (他们都走了,剩下我一个人)。
(2 ) You have been teasing the puppy the whole morning. Now leave / let it alone (你整个上午都在戏弄小狗,现在让它静一下吧)。

To be left alone 的人,不一定没有人在身边,只是没有人打扰而已。

格丽泰.嘉宝那句话的意思是:「我没有说过『我不要和任何人一起』,只是说『我不要被任何人打扰』,两句话含义截然不同。」

另外A world of 即「很多」或「无数」,例如: Gandhi’s adherence to non-violence did a world of good to India (甘地坚持不用暴力,令印度获益良多)。

2008.01.02 名词单复数的特殊用法一例

January 02, 2008 By: Stefanie Category: 每日一帖学英语

Q1:Some people lead charmed lives (有些人生来好运)这一句, charmed lives 是不是应改为 a charmed life ?监考员对考生说 Please put up your hands if you have any questions (有问题请举手), hands 是不是应改为 hand ?

A1:这里似应先说说 to lead / have a charmed life 这成语。 A charmed life 直译是「着了魔法的人生」,意思是某人一生似有魔法保护,逢凶化吉,例如: He seems to lead a charmed life, with no harm ever touching him (他似乎生来吉星高照,祸害从不降临他身上)。
现在谈读者的问题。要说某些人、物各有一件的东西,一般用复数形式,例如:
(1 ) We put down our pens when the bell rang (钟声一响,我们就把笔放下来)。
(2 ) It was so hot that we took off our shirts (我们热得脱下衬衫)。
读者示下的两句, charmed lives 和 your hands 都不必改为 a charmed life 和 your hand ,但假如改为单数,文法也没有错。
有时,单数或复数会有不同意思,例如:
(1 ) The five schools have a social worker (那五家学校共有一个社工)。
(2 ) The five schools have social workers (那五家学校各有至少一个社工)。
假如要说「那五家学校各有一个社工」,可说 The five schools have a social worker each 。

Q2:None of us have religious beliefs (我们都没有宗教信仰)这一句, have 应改为 has 吗?

A2:「 None of / any of +复数名词」可配单数或复数动词:美式英文多用复数,英式则以单数较为正宗,例如:( 1 ) None of them has / have come (他们一个都没有来)。( 2 ) Has / Have any of them come ?(他们有人来了吗?)

Happy New Year!

January 02, 2008 By: Stefanie Category: 听Stefanie发牢骚

Goodbye 2007 !!!!!!!!!!!

ViVa 2008!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!